Crude oil, a mixture of naturally occurring hydrocarbons, assumes a pivotal role as a primary resource in our modern world. This intricate blend serves as the foundational material for an array of vital products through a refining process. These products, including diesel, gasoline, heating oil, kerosene, and various petrochemicals, are essential for fueling and sustaining contemporary society.
The classification of crude oils is based on their specific gravity, often referred to as API gravity. This measurement quantifies the density of crude oil relative to water, providing insights into its properties. Heavier crude oils, characterized by higher carbon content, yield more heat upon combustion. However, they possess lower API gravities, leading to relatively lower market prices compared to lighter, sweeter crude oil variants.
The intricate relationship between API gravity, hydrocarbon composition, and market value underscores the economic significance of crude oil. Beyond energy production, crude oil-derived products play a vital role in numerous sectors